Although the external wall thermal insulation decorative board has good product performance and can be used for a long time, it is inevitable that there will be some aging phenomenon after using for a long time. But this kind of phenomenon will affect the use effect of the decorative board to a certain extent, which can not ensure the safety of use. So the problem is, what is the cause of the aging of the plate?

1、熱應(yīng)力：由溫差變化導(dǎo)致的熱脹冷縮，會(huì)引起外墻保溫裝飾板非結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)造的體積變化，從而使之始終處于一種不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)，因此，熱應(yīng)力是高層建筑外墻外保溫層主要破壞力量之一。相對(duì)于多層或平房建筑，高層建筑由于外層接受陽(yáng)光照射更強(qiáng)，熱應(yīng)力更大，變形也更大，因而在保溫抗裂構(gòu)造設(shè)，選用保溫材料應(yīng)滿(mǎn)足柔性漸變的原則，外層材料的變形能力應(yīng)高于內(nèi)層材料的變形能力。

1. Thermal stress: the thermal expansion and cold contraction caused by the change of temperature difference will cause the volume change of the non structural structure of the external wall thermal insulation decorative panel, so that it is always in an unstable state. Therefore, thermal stress is one of the main destructive forces of the external wall thermal insulation layer of high-rise buildings. Compared with multi-storey or bungalow buildings, because the outer layer of high-rise buildings is more exposed to sunlight, the thermal stress is greater, and the deformation is also greater. Therefore, in the design of thermal insulation and crack resistance structure, the selection of thermal insulation materials should meet the principle of flexible gradual change, and the deformation ability of the outer material should be higher than that of the inner material.

2、風(fēng)壓：一般來(lái)說(shuō)正風(fēng)壓產(chǎn)生推力，負(fù)風(fēng)壓產(chǎn)生吸力，對(duì)高層建筑外保溫層均會(huì)造成很大的破壞，這就要求外保溫層應(yīng)具備相當(dāng)?shù)目癸L(fēng)壓能力，而且就抗風(fēng)壓來(lái)說(shuō)，要求保溫層無(wú)空腔，杜絕空氣層，從而避免在風(fēng)壓特別是負(fù)風(fēng)壓狀態(tài)下保溫層內(nèi)空氣層的體積膨脹而造成對(duì)保溫層的破壞。

2. Wind pressure: Generally speaking, the positive wind pressure produces thrust, and the negative wind pressure produces suction, which will cause great damage to the external insulation layer of high-rise buildings. This requires that the external insulation layer should have considerable wind pressure resistance capacity, and in terms of wind pressure resistance, the insulation layer should have no cavity to eliminate the air layer, So as to avoid the damage to the insulation layer caused by the volume expansion of the air layer in the insulation layer under the wind pressure, especially the negative wind pressure.
             

3、地震力：地震力會(huì)導(dǎo)致高層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)和保溫面層的擠壓、剪切或扭曲變形，而保溫面層的剛性越大，承受的地震力就越大，引起的破壞就可能越嚴(yán)重。這就要求高層建筑外墻外保溫材料在有相當(dāng)附著力的前提下，應(yīng)該滿(mǎn)足柔性漸變的原則，以分散和消納地震應(yīng)力，盡量減輕保溫層表面的荷載，防止在地震力的影響下保溫層出現(xiàn)大面積開(kāi)裂、剝離甚至脫落。

3. Seismic force: seismic force will lead to extrusion, shear or distortion of high-rise building structure and thermal insulation surface. The greater the rigidity of thermal insulation surface, the greater the seismic force, and the more serious the damage. This requires that the high-rise building exterior insulation materials should meet the principle of flexible gradual change under the premise of considerable adhesion, so as to disperse and absorb the seismic stress, reduce the load on the surface of the insulation layer as far as possible, and prevent the insulation layer from cracking, peeling or even falling off in a large area under the influence of seismic force.

4、水或水蒸汽：為避免水或水蒸汽對(duì)高層建筑的破壞，應(yīng)選用防水性好、水蒸汽滲透性好的外保溫材料，避免水或水蒸汽在遷移過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)墻體結(jié)露或者保溫層內(nèi)部含水率增高的現(xiàn)象，能夠提高高層建筑外保溫層的耐雨水侵蝕以及抗凍融能力。

4. Water or steam: in order to avoid the damage of water or steam to high-rise buildings, the external thermal insulation materials with good waterproof and water vapor permeability should be selected to avoid the condensation of water or steam on the wall or the increase of moisture content in the insulation layer during the migration process, which can improve the rain water erosion resistance and freeze-thaw resistance of the external thermal insulation layer of high-rise buildings.

5、火災(zāi)：高層建筑比多層建筑的防火等級(jí)要求更高，高層建筑的保溫層應(yīng)該具有更好的抗火災(zāi)功能，并應(yīng)具有在火災(zāi)情況下防止火災(zāi)蔓延和防止釋放煙塵或有毒氣體的特性，材料強(qiáng)度和體積也不能損失降低過(guò)多，面層應(yīng)該無(wú)爆裂、無(wú)塌落，否則，就會(huì)給住戶(hù)或消防人員造成傷害，對(duì)施救工作造成巨大的困難。

5. Fire: high rise buildings have higher fire rating requirements than multi-storey buildings. The insulation layer of high-rise buildings should have better fire resistance function, and should have the characteristics of preventing fire spread and smoke or toxic gas release in case of fire. The strength and volume of materials should not be reduced too much, and the surface layer should not burst or collapse. Otherwise, the fire resistance of high-rise buildings should be improved, It will cause harm to residents or firefighters, and cause great difficulties to rescue work.

所以主要導(dǎo)致外墻保溫裝飾板老化的原因是以上這幾個(gè)因素，從而大家在使用或者儲(chǔ)存的過(guò)程中，要特別注意對(duì)板材的保護(hù)，以免因?yàn)楦鞣N各樣的原因造成產(chǎn)品的老化。

Therefore, the main reasons for the aging of external wall thermal insulation decorative board are the above factors, so we should pay special attention to the protection of the board in the process of use or storage, so as to avoid the aging of products due to various reasons.